FACTORS WHICH EFFECTS DRIVERS WEARY


1. Time

The main factor is time that determine the weary and wakeful according to how long driving .According to researches weary begins after 8-9 hours driving , and this decrease the driver performance and increase the accident risk.According to some interviews reasons  of accidents for long way drivers are ; alcohol driving is 23.5%  wrong overtake to cars is 22% , weary and wakeful driving is 17.1% not having enough driving experience is 16.2%

2. Not to sleep very well before driving

Researches show that more than be wakeful 16 hours cause failure in performance and dangers begin in the traffic.So do not drive like be wakeful.

3. Sleep Defect

Sllept defects whicih usually seen in long way drivers according to some health conditions can cause sleeping during driving. As a result of it there can be serious dangers occured for the traffic security.

4. Enviromental Factors

Other factors are monotonous in roads,not to have enoug warning sytems , uncongenial climates or there is no refreshment areas when drivers needed etc. 

EFFECTS OF WAKEFUL ON DRIVES

Wakeful is the reason of the accidents which effects performance. There are serious problems driving with 36 and 60 hours wakeful.

Effects of Wakeful :

• MORE SLOW REACTION TIME : Wakeful decrease the reaction times and driving performance and avert to stop in danger time.More slow reaction time increase the accidents. 
   
• DECREASE IN GENERAL ATTENTION LEVEL : Drivers attention decrease in every 90-120 minutes.Their ages and physical conditions are not important. According to wakeful their performance and reaction levels are decrease and thet fall in sleep during driving.
   
• FAULTS IN INFORMATION PROCESSING: Information processing and connection jobs takes long times so performance will decrease. Wakeful effects reaction times attention , coordinantion facilities etc like alcohol driving and cause accidents. Wakeful drivers not to give correct rezctions which are coming from out world and can not give enough reactions so accidents can happened as another meanwhile. People who do not sleep during 28 hours give as the same reactions as the people who have   0.1 promil alcohol. (NSF, National Campaign on Drowsy Driving,1993).

GENERAL POINTS OF ACCIDENTS ACCORDING TO WAKEFUL AND WEARY DRIVING 

We have no chance to measure the wakeful like alcohol. So evaluation results of accidents take stand on police reports or drivers descriptions. characteristic of an accidents  are shown in below ;

• ACCIDENTS HAPPEN IN LATE HOUR OF NIGHT : Artificial day effects the drivers weary and attention.Drivers weary is increas in night hours. Accidents which happens dependence on weary mostly happens in nights.
  
   
• BE TRAGIC ACCIDENT: Accidents dependence on wakeful is joined with over speedand delayed reactions.So deaths and badly injures seen mostly.
  
   
• THERE WILL BE ONLY ONE VEHICLE MEET WITH AN ACCIDENT AND BE THROWN OUT OF GEAR : ABD ( North Carolina) According to police reports accidents which depends on wakeful done by only one vehicle which is thrown out of gear.
  
   
• HAPPENED IN ROADS WHERE SPEEDING IS POSSIBLE : According to NHTSA datas;accidents which depends on wakeful and weary happened in the highways where speeding is possible
  
   
• NOTHING DONE BY DRIVER FOR PREVENT ACCIDENT :Accident datas show that sleepiness drivers do not do any actions for prevent the accidents.
  
   
• BEING ALONE IN VEHICLE : According to accident researches accidents which depend on wakeful and weary done by the drivers who are alone in the vehicle. On the other side drivers who sleep driving but not do any accidents are not alone according to these researches.

ALINACAK ÖNLEMLER VE ÖNERİLER

Uykusuz ve yorgun araç kullanmaya karşı alınacak önlemler ya doğrudan uykusuz araç kullanmamayı amaçlayan ya da uykusuzluk meydana geldikten sonraki durumu düzeltmeye yöneliktir. Yeterli uyku uyuyarak uykusuzluğu önlemek herhangi bir telafi edici önlemden hem daha kolaydır hem de daha etkilidir. Uyku geldikten sonra alınan önlemlerin etkisi çok fazla sürmemektedir. En fazla sürücülerin uyuyabilecek bir yer bulmalarına yetecek kadar bir süre için etkili olabilmektedir.

Kafein alımı, radyo dinlemek, araçtan inip kısa bir yürüyüş yapmak, camı açmak vb gibi geçici önlemler kesinlikle iyi bir uyku alışkanlığının yerini almamalı ve uykusuz sürücülerin varacakları yere güvenle varmalarını sağlayacak etkili stratejiler olarak algılanmamalıdır.

MEASURES TO BE TAKEN BY DRIVERS

BEFORE DRIVING

• Ilness which cause wakeful can  be treated
• Time planned perfectly for enough sleeping.
• Not to taking alcohol even though subminimum while fell sleepiness
• No to drive between 24 - 6 hours and take no pills which felt sleepiness

DURING DRIVING

• To take brake enoughly and not drive more than 8-9 hours in a day.
  
   
• No to drive when feeling weary and sleepiness to take brake and sleep for a while.
   
• Drink coke coffee or tea when feeling weary or sleepiness accoring to researchs these drinks which include caffein increase the attention  and performance in sleepiness people. But of course these are short term solutions. To sleep for a while or to have rest are the best ones.